{"id":21667,"date":"2019-10-14T08:40:13","date_gmt":"2019-10-14T06:40:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tipandshaft.com\/?p=21667"},"modified":"2019-10-14T08:40:13","modified_gmt":"2019-10-14T06:40:13","slug":"americas-cup-the-design-wars-are-under-way","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sailorz.com\/en\/americas-cup-en\/americas-cup-the-design-wars-are-under-way\/","title":{"rendered":"America’s Cup: The design wars are under way"},"content":{"rendered":"

At a little under one and a half years\u00a0before the start of\u00a0the 36th America’s Cup<\/a>\u00a0the first four AC75s were all launched<\/strong>\u00a0within the space one month.\u00a0What differences<\/strong>\u00a0have been noted between these four boats?\u00a0What is likely to the timing<\/strong>\u00a0for challenges who are looking to launch their second boat? Tip & Shaft garners some ideas aided and abetted by architect\u00a0Vincent Lauriot Pr\u00e9vost<\/a>,\u00a0Antoine Gautier\u00a0<\/a>who is Research Director at\u00a0MerConcept<\/a>,\u00a0Martin Fischer\u00a0<\/strong>who is in charge of the design team at\u00a0Luna Rossa Challenge<\/a>, and\u00a0Dimitri Despierres<\/a>\u00a0who is part of the\u00a0American Magic design team<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

We had to wait until September 2019 to see the new AC75s, which were all delayed by a few months compared with the initial programmed timing mainly because problems of reliability occurred on the “foil arms” original designs (the support mechanism for the head of the foils which are a one-design unit).\u00a0Emirates Team New Zealand<\/strong>\u00a0was the first to launch Te Aihe<\/a>\u00a0on September 5th, followed by\u00a0the Defiant<\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0American Magic<\/strong>\u00a0the following week. Then on October 2nd\u00a0Luna Rossa<\/a>\u00a0on splashed their boat followed two days later by the\u00a0Britannia 1<\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0Ineos Team UK<\/strong>. The only challenge we are waiting for is\u00a0Stars + Stripes Team USA<\/a>\u00a0which has not announced a launch date, but according to our information, it seems more and more doubtful that the boat will be ready for the first Act of the America’s Cup World Series, in April 2020 in Cagliari, an opening event which theoretically is mandatory.<\/p>\n

So\u00a0what about the differences between the four launched boats<\/strong>?\u00a0“It’s funny to see that with the same objectives and using tools which are not too dissimilar\u00a0they come up with some fairly radically different choices<\/strong>\u00a0in terms of the hull shapes and the\u00a0 foils,” commented Vincent Lauriot-Pr\u00e9vost. In terms of hulls, Martin Fischer observes “There are two groups:<\/strong>\u00a0the Americans and the English have a rather flat hull, while we and the Kiwis have this slender form extending under the hull”. Dimitri Despierres adds: “Emirates Team New Zealand and Prada have taken more risk<\/strong>\u00a0in terms of hull forms that are out of the ordinary compared to us and Ineos”.\u00a0 All, obliged to maintain their high level of secrecy,\u00a0 will go no further to expand or explain these choices.<\/p>\n

Vincent Lauriot-Pr\u00e9vost has his own idea on the question: “I imagine that in their modelling Team New Zealand and Prada saw\u00a0a significant profit in having minimal drag in the phases when you fly low<\/strong>, but the boats parts the water from time to time and that causes a significant loss of power before you take off again. So\u00a0we see this protrusion under the hull of the Kiwi boat<\/strong>\u00a0(bustle) so that contact with the water is made with a section which is as slim as possible, and\u00a0on Luna Rossa, it’s just like the V<\/strong>\u00a0like on a speedboat, while the other two boats, it’s a whole dished shape which more area will make contact with the water but\u00a0their hulls are more refined towards that pre-lift off phase<\/strong>\u00a0with\u00a0smoother shapes. ”<\/p>\n

Antoine Gautier adds: “With their very wide hulls with more static stability, Ineos and American Magic, may stick to the water when they make small” touchdowns ” but the others have shaped shapes so that less area comes in contact as it\u00a0 falls back into the water. What is interesting is the two teams with the\u00a0earliest test boats, the English and the Americans, are the ones who drew the most stable hulls in the world. Is there a causal link, ie, they have found stability on the water to be an important issue?” Vincent Lauriot-Pr\u00e9vost\u00a0 wonders, concluding : “We must not forget that they will make two boats.\u00a0On the\u00a0 first you can be more radical<\/strong>\u00a0and on the second maybe a little less extreme in terms of hull forms.”<\/p>\n

It will undoubtedly be\u00a0the same for foils where the V1 boats show a lot of differences<\/strong>, some teams have even launched two different foils,\u00a0as explained last week for Tip & Shift<\/a>\u00a0Nick Holroyd, the former Team New Zealand guru who is now Ineos design team boss: “Ourselves and the Kiwis have built different foils for different sides of the boat. American Magic seem to have a very similar foil on both sides of the boat. Likewise Luna Rossa although I think their actuation mechanism is different port to starboard.”<\/p>\n

“What surprised me was that almost all the boats were launched with different foil geometries from one side to the other, between flat and angled, this is\u00a0the proof that they are still looking<\/strong>” notes Antoine Gautier. Martin Fischer half-heartedly confirms: “We have the right to make six foils in total,\u00a0everyone is in the experimental phase<\/strong>, we can not say that they are test foils, but there are still many uncertainties and in the next six months, it will be clarified.<\/p>\n

Out of the four pairs that have so far been launched,\u00a0there are two distinct families: one without a bulb, Team New Zealand, and the other three with<\/strong>, which leads Dimitri Despierres to say, \u201cThe Kiwis have gone for a very radical option without a bulb and with foils with large surfaces. That means they have put the weight in the wings and they must have believed that they needed a greater surface area to be able to take off.\u00a0The others have bulbs and foils with smaller surfaces, so we can see a clear trend<\/strong>.” For Vincent Lauriot-Pr\u00e9vost, who pointed out that the bulb on Ineos is smaller than on Luna Rossa and American Magic, “It\u2019s always down to the same problem: power against drag<\/strong>. The smaller the bulb, the less the drag, but that may mean less righting moment too.”<\/p>\n

Antoine Gautier sees the debate elsewhere: “On Prada, you can see different systems to manage the flaps (which adjust the foils) between the port and starboard side. I think that it is going to be a very important question too. More generally,\u00a0whether they succeed or not depends as much on the onboard systems<\/strong>\u00a0as on the shape of the hull or foils. You may get it all right architecturally, but if the systems don\u2019t work, it\u2019s going to be a poor boat. Team New Zealand showed us that in the last Cup: you can allow yourself to have more unstable appendages, but be faster, once you have a system set up to deal with that instability.”<\/p>\n

Martin Fischer confirms that. “Obviously one important thing on these AC75s, is everything you can\u2019t see<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 the control systems, which are more complicated than on the AC50, and the adjustments for the foils and rudders.” For\u00a0Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Cuzon<\/a>, who has been working with his company\u00a0Pixel sur Mer<\/a>\u00a0with Ineos, “We\u2019re entering a brand new era<\/strong>. It\u2019s a huge challenge for the teams to understand quickly what works and what doesn\u2019t.\u00a0The Cup today isn\u2019t really a battle between sailors<\/strong>, as they are all very good. The challenge is the design and learning about the systems and getting to grips with the boat as quickly as possible.”<\/p>\n

The choices concerning the deck have been more or less the same<\/strong>\u00a0with a double cockpit and boom that is very low down “to ensure that the boat and the sail become one,” according to Dimitri Despierres. “They all went for\u00a0the option of two separate cockpits<\/strong>\u00a0and an aerodynamic corridor, which the head sail rests on with the boom or edge of the sail, remembering that not all the boats have a boom,\u201d noted Vincent Lauriot-Pr\u00e9vost. \u201cWhat is going to be interesting is to see how the crew works: seeing you cannot go under the mainsail or boom, they are going to have to go behind it,\u00a0unless there are two helmsmen<\/strong>\u2026”<\/p>\n

The design teams are all busy working on these matters as they think about\u00a0the second boat<\/strong>, the construction of which is due to start before the end of the year. In other words, any hold ups with the first boat mean that\u00a0you can\u2019t really draw many conclusion<\/strong>s about what they have seen when sailing, so most of the choices will already have been made. “They can\u2019t put off starting the construction for very long,\u201d confirmed Martin Fischer. \u201cThere will be some feedback, as even if we do lots of tests with the simulator,\u00a0the boat will show us whether reality matches these tests<\/strong>\u00a0and may mean some adjustments to the simulator.” For Dimitri Despierres, the advance obtained by the American Magic team, which launched their boat more than two weeks before the two other challengers Luna Rossa and Ineos Team UK, is a key element: “there are so many things that have to be checked out on the water that\u00a0those two weeks are priceless<\/strong>.”<\/p>\n

What about\u00a0the programme for the 2020 America\u2019s Cup World Series<\/strong>, which still has not been announced apart from\u00a0Cagliari in April<\/a>? According to our information, the second act will take place\u00a0in early June in Portsmouth<\/strong>, organised by the New Zealanders, with the financial support of Emirates.\u00a0The third will merge with the Christmas Regatta<\/strong>\u00a0initially scheduled for late December in Auckland. To make up for lost time, the three challengers with two boats will probably\u00a0deliver their second to New Zealand by plane rather than by cargo ship<\/strong>. “It\u2019s much more expensive and far less sustainable,\u201d we were told by a well-informed source. But it is only during the shipping period that they can save time.”<\/p>\n

Photo : Emirates Team New Zealand<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

At a little under one and a half years\u00a0before the start of\u00a0the 36th America’s Cup\u00a0the first four AC75s were all launched\u00a0within the space one month.\u00a0What differences\u00a0have been noted between these four boats?\u00a0What is likely to the timing\u00a0for challenges who are looking to launch their second boat? Tip & Shaft garners some ideas…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":21664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"template-design.php","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[246],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-americas-cup-en"],"yoast_head":"\nAmerica's Cup: The design wars are under way - Sailorz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sailorz.com\/en\/americas-cup-en\/americas-cup-the-design-wars-are-under-way\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"America's Cup: The design wars are under way - Sailorz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"At a little under one and a half years\u00a0before the start of\u00a0the 36th America's Cup\u00a0the first four AC75s were all launched\u00a0within the space one month.\u00a0What differences\u00a0have been noted between these four boats?\u00a0What is likely to the timing\u00a0for challenges who are looking to launch their second boat? 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